Dragonflies are sturdy insects that usually rest with their four wings spread out. Both the flying adults and their young living underwater are hunters, and different species use ponds, marshes, lakes, or flowing streams across the United States.

In this group

Twin-spotted SpiketailZoraena maculata

This eastern North American stream dragonfly is dark with paired yellow marks along its abdomen. Look for its two yellow stripes behind the head as well.

Double-ringed PennantCelithemis verna

Look near vegetated ponds and lakes in the southeastern United States, especially the coastal plain. A mature male is blue-black, with small dark marks on the hindwings.

Wandering GliderPantala flavescens

This yellow-brown migrant ranges widely across the United States and often stays in flight over open ground or temporary pools.

Common Green DarnerAnax junius

This large darner with a green middle body section patrols ponds and wetlands across North America. Many populations migrate, while others develop locally.

Appearance

Appearance
Large , a long abdomen, and two pairs of wings crisscrossed with fine lines shape the familiar outline. Colors and markings vary widely by species, sex, and age.
How to recognize it
Dragonflies are usually sturdier than damselflies (Zygoptera), and their hindwings are broader at the base than their forewings. Most rest with the wings spread, but clubtails and spiketails show why eye spacing or wing posture alone is not enough for a species identification.

Look-alikes

DamselfliesZygoptera

Damselflies are usually slimmer, with eyes set well apart. Many hold their wings together over the abdomen at rest, while most dragonflies hold them out, though there are exceptions.

Why they get mixed upBoth are long-bodied insects with four wings crisscrossed with fine lines and aquatic young.

Where it lives

Typical habitats
  • ponds and marshes
  • lakeshores
  • streams and rivers
Range
Dragonflies occur worldwide except Antarctica.
Preferred conditions
They need water for eggs and s. Most species use fresh water, but the Seaside Dragonlet (Erythrodiplax berenice) breeds in tidal coastal marshes in the eastern United States. Adults may forage well away from water.

Behavior

Diet
Adults catch flying insects with their legs. Aquatic nymphs ambush other water animals without backbones and, in larger species, may also take tadpoles or very small fish.
Activity
Most adults are active by day, either patrolling over water or darting from a perch.
Overwintering
The stage that survives winter differs among species and may be the egg or nymph.

Life cycle

Reproduction
Females place or scatter eggs in water, aquatic plants, wet sand, or mud, depending on the species.
Larva
The aquatic nymph molts as it grows. When ready, it climbs above the water and the winged adult emerges, leaving an empty skin behind.

Name and classification

Number of species
A 2010 global tally counted about 3,000 living species.

Conservation

Threats
Wetland loss, altered streams, and polluted water can remove the habitat needed by the aquatic stage.
Dragonflies (Anisoptera) — identification, habitat & look-alikes | Moeyo